Pattern determination and pattern regulation in Paramecium tetraurelia.

Pattern regulation was investigated in the progeny of laterally fused cells of Paramecium tetraurelia. The immediate progeny of such fused cells (doublets) reveal two sets of cortical organelles arranged roughly symmetrically. Doublets tend to transform gradually into cells with only one set of organelles (singlets). At least two different and mutually exclusive pathways of doublet-to-singlet transformation are reported. In intermediate stages of regulation the cortical areas bearing different cortical landmarks may be brought into an abnormal neighbourhood. Differentiated cortical bands of cortex, bearing organellar landmarks, are faithfully propagated even if they are improperly and asymmetrically located on the cell. The confrontation of such cortical bands may lead to the transient appearance of additional duplicated organelles. It is suggested that pattern regulation in Paramecium during doublet-to-singlet transformation results from at least three factors: the regression of some part of the cortical areas, the interaction of the juxtaposed parts remaining and the slow regulatory shift of positions of the cortical structures.